Short for Internet Protocol, IP is an address of a computer or other network device on a network using IP or TCP/IP . For example, the number "166.70.10.23" is an example of such an address. These addresses are similar to addresses used on houses and help data reach its appropriate destination on a network.
There are five classes of available IP ranges: Class A, Class B, Class C, Class D and Class E, while only A, B and C are commonly used. Each class allows for a range of valid IP addresses. Below is a listing of these addresses.
Class Address Range Supports
Class A 1.0.0.1 to 126.255.255.254 Supports 16 million hosts on each of 127 networks.
Class B 128.1.0.1 to 191.255.255.254 Supports 65,000 hosts on each of 16,000 networks.
Class C 192.0.1.1 to 223.255.254.254 Supports 254 hosts on each of 2 million networks.
Class D 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255 Reserved for multicast groups.
Class E 240.0.0.0 to 254.255.255.254 Reserved.
Ranges 127.x.x.x are reserved for loopback tests, for example, 127.0.0.1. Ranges 255.255.255.255 are used to broadcast to all hosts on the local network.
All IP addresses are broken down into 4 sets of octets that break down into binary to represent the actual IP address. The below chart is a basic example of the basic IP 255.255.255.255.
IP: 255. 255. 255. 255.
Binary value: 11111111. 11111111. 11111111. 11111111.
Octet value: 8 8 8 8
If we were to break down the IP "166.70.10.23", which is the IP address of the Network, you would get the below value.
166. 70. 10. 23
10100110. 01000110. 00001010. 00010111
128+32+4+2=166 64+4+2=70 8+2=10 16+4+2+1=23
There are several IP addresses used or automatically assigned on a network. For example:
166.70.10.0 0 is the automatically assigned network address.
166.70.10.1 1 is the commonly used address used as the gateway.
166.70.10.2 2 is also a commonly used address used for a gateway.
166.70.10.255 255 is automatically assigned on most networks as the broadcast address.
Users and/or companies who need to register an IP address or a valid range of IP addresses must register that IP address through InterNIC.
Broadcast
When referring to computers, a broadcast is used to describe a message sent to all individuals in an area. In computer networking, the broadcast address is used to distribute a signal across a network, commonly used to declare to other devices on a network that a new device has connected to the network and to give those other devices information about the newly connected device. The broadcast address on a network is commonly an address that ends with "255". For example, a broadcast netmask is "255.255.255.255".
Octet
A term created for computer networks that is similar to a byte or eight bits. Because some of the computers and other network devices connected to the network and the Internet consider a byte more than eight bits, this term was created to help prevent any confusion.
Binary
Base 2 8-bit number system represented by the numeric values of 0 and/or 1, also known as ON or OFF. Below is an example of the value 255 which is 11111111 in binary where all values are on.
Value: 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
ON/OFF: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Gateway
When referring to a network, a gateway is an address used as an entry point into another network. For example: 166.70.10.1 could be used as a gateway. It is common for .1 and .2 to be setup as a network's gateway. The gateway is commonly the address of a network device such as a network router.computerhope
There are five classes of available IP ranges: Class A, Class B, Class C, Class D and Class E, while only A, B and C are commonly used. Each class allows for a range of valid IP addresses. Below is a listing of these addresses.
Class Address Range Supports
Class A 1.0.0.1 to 126.255.255.254 Supports 16 million hosts on each of 127 networks.
Class B 128.1.0.1 to 191.255.255.254 Supports 65,000 hosts on each of 16,000 networks.
Class C 192.0.1.1 to 223.255.254.254 Supports 254 hosts on each of 2 million networks.
Class D 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255 Reserved for multicast groups.
Class E 240.0.0.0 to 254.255.255.254 Reserved.
Ranges 127.x.x.x are reserved for loopback tests, for example, 127.0.0.1. Ranges 255.255.255.255 are used to broadcast to all hosts on the local network.
All IP addresses are broken down into 4 sets of octets that break down into binary to represent the actual IP address. The below chart is a basic example of the basic IP 255.255.255.255.
IP: 255. 255. 255. 255.
Binary value: 11111111. 11111111. 11111111. 11111111.
Octet value: 8 8 8 8
If we were to break down the IP "166.70.10.23", which is the IP address of the Network, you would get the below value.
166. 70. 10. 23
10100110. 01000110. 00001010. 00010111
128+32+4+2=166 64+4+2=70 8+2=10 16+4+2+1=23
There are several IP addresses used or automatically assigned on a network. For example:
166.70.10.0 0 is the automatically assigned network address.
166.70.10.1 1 is the commonly used address used as the gateway.
166.70.10.2 2 is also a commonly used address used for a gateway.
166.70.10.255 255 is automatically assigned on most networks as the broadcast address.
Users and/or companies who need to register an IP address or a valid range of IP addresses must register that IP address through InterNIC.
Broadcast
When referring to computers, a broadcast is used to describe a message sent to all individuals in an area. In computer networking, the broadcast address is used to distribute a signal across a network, commonly used to declare to other devices on a network that a new device has connected to the network and to give those other devices information about the newly connected device. The broadcast address on a network is commonly an address that ends with "255". For example, a broadcast netmask is "255.255.255.255".
Octet
A term created for computer networks that is similar to a byte or eight bits. Because some of the computers and other network devices connected to the network and the Internet consider a byte more than eight bits, this term was created to help prevent any confusion.
Binary
Base 2 8-bit number system represented by the numeric values of 0 and/or 1, also known as ON or OFF. Below is an example of the value 255 which is 11111111 in binary where all values are on.
Value: 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
ON/OFF: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Gateway
When referring to a network, a gateway is an address used as an entry point into another network. For example: 166.70.10.1 could be used as a gateway. It is common for .1 and .2 to be setup as a network's gateway. The gateway is commonly the address of a network device such as a network router.computerhope
